Air quality alert expanded across Minnesota as wildfire smoke intensifies

An air quality alert issued by the Minnesota Pollution Control Agency (MPCA) remains in effect through 11 p.m. on Friday, July 25, and has been expanded to include southeast Minnesota.

The alert follows a surge of wildfire smoke drifting south from Saskatchewan and Manitoba, which is expected to significantly impact air quality across the state.

According to the MPCA, fine particle pollution levels are forecast to reach the red air quality index (AQI) category in northern and central Minnesota. This level is considered unhealthy for everyone, regardless of age or health status. Affected areas include Brainerd, Alexandria, Hinckley, Ortonville, Bemidji, East Grand Forks, Moorhead, International Falls, Two Harbors, Hibbing, Ely, Duluth, Roseau, and the Tribal Nations of Mille Lacs, Leech Lake, White Earth, Red Lake, Grand Portage, and Fond du Lac.

In these regions, residents may experience visible haze, reduced visibility, and the smell of smoke. Health officials warn that exposure to elevated fine particle levels can cause symptoms such as coughing, throat irritation, chest tightness, and shortness of breath. Individuals with preexisting heart or lung conditions may face more serious complications, including asthma attacks, heart attacks, or strokes. The MPCA advises all residents to limit prolonged or heavy exertion outdoors and to consider rescheduling outdoor activities.

Southern Minnesota, including the Twin Cities metro area, Albert Lea, Marshall, Worthington, St. Cloud, Mankato, and the Tribal Nations of Upper Sioux and Prairie Island, is expected to reach the orange AQI category. This level is considered unhealthy for sensitive groups, including children, older adults, pregnant individuals, and those with respiratory or cardiovascular conditions. In these areas, sensitive individuals are encouraged to reduce outdoor physical activity and follow any relevant medical guidance, such as asthma action plans.

The smoke began moving into central and northern Minnesota on Thursday and is expected to reach southern and southeastern regions by Thursday evening. Conditions will likely remain poor until Friday afternoon, when southerly winds are forecast to push the smoke northward. Air quality is expected to improve gradually from south to north, with fine particle levels falling below alert thresholds by the end of Friday.

The Minnesota Department of Health (MDH) issues air quality alerts once daily unless conditions worsen. Officials emphasize that air quality can change rapidly and recommend checking current conditions frequently. Residents can sign up for air quality notifications through official state channels.

Wildfire smoke contains fine particles that can penetrate deep into the lungs and enter the bloodstream, posing serious health risks. Those most at risk include people with asthma, chronic obstructive pulmonary disease (COPD), heart disease, high blood pressure, or diabetes. Individuals who work or exercise outdoors, live without air conditioning, or reside in housing that does not adequately filter outside air may also experience increased exposure.

Health officials urge residents to take precautions, including keeping windows closed, reducing vehicle use and idling, and avoiding outdoor burning. Schools and child care providers are encouraged to consult MDH guidance to determine when to modify outdoor activities for children.

For more information on air quality categories and health recommendations, visit airnow.gov. Additional resources on extreme heat and air quality safety are available at mn.gov/heat.