House Republicans introduced a continuing resolution that would keep agencies open through late November, but Democrats insist any plan must include health care subsidies and safety-net funding.
Without a compromise, hundreds of thousands of federal workers could be furloughed and many programs suspended.
The White House has urged swift passage of a bipartisan bill, but both chambers remain divided on spending priorities. Markets and agencies are bracing for disruptions if the government shuts down at midnight.
Government shutdowns halt services but don’t last forever
A government shutdown forces many federal services to a standstill while others continue. Essential operations such as military activity, border security, air traffic control, and Social Security payments remain active. But hundreds of thousands of federal employees are sent home without pay, while others must continue working until funding is restored.
Public-facing services like national parks, museums, and passport processing typically close, while some health, housing, and education programs slow down or suspend operations. Economists warn that shutdowns come with ripple effects for businesses and households, costing billions in lost productivity and delaying key programs.
Shutdowns are always temporary. Once Congress passes, and the president signs, a funding bill or stopgap measure, the government reopens. Workers usually receive back pay, and programs resume, though the disruption can have lasting impacts on public trust and the economy.
